This book discusses basic thermodynamic behaviors and 'abnormal' properties from a thermo-physical perspective, and explores basic heat transfer and flow properties, the latest findings on their physical aspects and indications, chemical engineering properties, microscale phenomena, as well as transient behaviors in fast and critical environments. It also presents the most and challenging problems and the outlook for applications and innovations of supercritical fluids.
The forming behavior of novel lightweight construction materials, such as advanced high strength steel and composite sheets, is gaining significant attention. This thesis investigates the failure mechanisms of DP1000, CP1000, aluminum alloy, and an aluminum/low density polyethylene half sandwich sheet during blanking and bending processes. It employs the shear-enhanced Lemaitre's damage model, Drucker-Prager model, and cohesive zone model to describe the mechanical behavior of the respective materials. These materials are characterized through various tests, including tensile, in-plane torsion, compression, and delamination tests, with a successful application of an inverse parameter identification procedure.
The study examines the microstructure deterioration of DP1000 and CP1000 under tensile and shear stress, highlighting their differing mechanical behaviors. The characterized material model is then applied to the blanking of DP1000 and AA6082-T6 sheets, exploring the influence of punch-die clearances on the morphology of the sheared parts. Additionally, the mechanical behavior of the Al/LDPE half sandwich sheet during the blanking process is investigated. A fully characterized finite element model is used to analyze the effects of cutting clearance on cutting force-displacement curves and cutting edge morphology, with the experimental cutting edge imperfections quantitatively described by three feature values. The stress
There are two types of tenn structure models in the literature: the equilibrium models and the no-arbitrage models. And there are, correspondingly, two types of interest rate derivatives pricing fonnulas based on each type of model of the tenn structure. The no-arbitrage models are characterized by the work of Ho and Lee (1986), Heath, Jarrow, and Morton (1992), Hull and White (1990 and 1993), and Black, Dennan and Toy (1990). Ho and Lee (1986) invent the no-arbitrage approach to the tenn structure modeling in the sense that the model tenn structure can fit the initial (observed) tenn structure of interest rates. There are a number of disadvantages with their model. First, the model describes the whole volatility structure by a sin gle parameter, implying a number of unrealistic features. Furthennore, the model does not incorporate mean reversion. Black-Dennan-Toy (1990) develop a model along tbe lines of Ho and Lee. They eliminate some of the problems of Ho and Lee (1986) but create a new one: for a certain specification of the volatility function, the short rate can be mean-fteeting rather than mean-reverting. Heath, Jarrow and Morton (1992) (HJM) construct a family of continuous models of the term struc ture consistent with the initial tenn structure data.
