This Encyclopedia covers current knowledge in marine geosciences, addressing a wide range of users from students to industry professionals. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the marine geosphere for energy, climate, and coastal protection, integrating various fields like geophysics, biology, and ecology under the term "marine geosciences."
Past and Future Projection
This book addresses the critical issues of sea-level and coastline changes, particularly relevant for populations living along the world's oceans and seas. The southern and eastern Baltic Sea coast exemplifies these challenges, where glacio-isostatic subsidence in the south exacerbates climate-induced sea-level rise and storm-driven coastal erosion, leading to continuous coastal retreat. Conversely, the eastern coast experiences glacio-isostatic uplift that mitigates eustatic sea-level rise, though storm-induced waves still cause significant morphodynamic alterations to the coastline. There is an urgent need for protective measures and management strategies for the diverse coastal zones, which can be informed by models predicting future coastal developments amid ongoing climate change. This anthology presents findings from the research project “Coastline Changes of the southern Baltic Sea – Past and future projection (CoPaF),” funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Conducted from 2010 to 2013 by a collaborative team of Estonian, German, Lithuanian, and Polish geoscientists and coastal engineers, the project aligns with the objectives of the COST Action SPLASHCOS. The southern and eastern Baltic serves as a natural laboratory for studying coastal processes, with the project’s results offering valuable insights into both regional and global coastal research and engineering challenges.
This book reports about the results of a Special Symposium “The Baltic Sea Basin”, held on August 11, 2008, within the frame of the 33rd IGC at Oslo, Norway in order to foster the understanding of the Baltic Basin as a unit in terms of genesis, structure, ongoing processes and utilization. It is the first time that in a joint publication, scientists from different disciplines give a comprehensive overview about the Baltic Sea basin in such a general sense. The book will be used not only by students and scientist but also by engineers and decision makers from industry and politics. Summarizing the state of the art in the investigation of the Baltic Sea Basin, but also in the resource utilisation of the basin the book will enhance the development of new monitoring strategies and technical device design including satellite observation methods, the establishment of international research laboratories, innovative topics for interdisciplinary research projects, etc.
Als Folge der politischen Wende in Europa ist es zum ersten Mal möglich geworden, eine umfassende Zusammenschau der Lagerstätten und des Rohstoffpotentials des Ostseeraums auf Basis neuester wissenschaftlicher Forschungsergebnisse vorzulegen (Stand 2004). Anhand ausgewählter Artikel, die auf der „Baltic 7“? Konferenz in Kaliningrad (Russland) präsentiert wurden, wird ein Überblick über folgende Themengebiete gegeben: Paleozoic Deposits: Oil and Gas; Tertiary Deposits: Amber and Industrial Minerals; Quaternary Deposits: Sand and Gravel; Holocene Deposits: Iron and Manganese.
Computerized modeling is a powerful tool to describe the complex interrelations between measured data and the dynamics of sedimentary systems. Complex interaction of environmental factors with natural variations and increasing anthropogenic intervention is reflected in the sedimentary record at varying scales. The understanding of these processes gives way to the reconstruction of the past and is a key to the prediction of future trends. Especially in cases where observations are limited and/or expensive, computer simulations may substitute for the lack of data. State-of-the-art research work requires a thorough knowledge of processes at the interfaces between atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and is therefore an interdisciplinary approach.