Physiological biomarkers in moderate sensitive aquatic invertebrates for water quality assessment in urban watercourses
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Urban watercourses are strongly anthropogenic impacted aquatic ecosystems due to reasonably high pollution with a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, originating from domestic and industrial wastewaters, as well as the traffic run off after strong rains. The result is an increased load of nutrients, metals, and particularly organic contaminants. Furthermore there are morphological modifications of watercourses, leading to changes and/or loss of habitat. Generally, a pollution gradient increasing along the city and downstream is evident. Due to these disturbances characteristic for many urban watercourses is the lack of stable populations of sensitive native species. During this investigation the main question addressed was if biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes responses of organisms tolerant to pollution such as the bivalves Dreissena polymorpha and Limnoperna fortunei and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus can be employed to evaluate the extent of urban water and sediment pollution. Activity changes of the biotransformation enzyme glutathione S-transferase, as well as different antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase to environmental stress were explored by active biomoitoring with precultured mussels exposed at selected sites in Berlin, Germany and Cordoba, Argentina. Oligochaetes were exposed in the laboratory to field sampled sediment of the sampling sites in Berlin. All species were able to accomplish the environmental stress and changes in enzyme activities correlated to the different pollution scenarios, as the determined sewage charges or industrial impacts with polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and other pesticides, as well as contamination with metals. The renaturation success of a small urban stream, formally used for discharge of treated sewage waters was assessed by active biomonitoring with D. polymorpha based on molecular biomarkers and compared to a semi-natural stream and laboratory conditions. Response to pollution charges were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR of heat-shock protein, P glycoprotein, catalase and pi class glutathione S-transferase. Results confirm regeneration of the formerly sewage polluted stream, because induction of the tested biomarkers was either at or below the levels of the semi-natural stream. Physiological biomarker as changes in enzyme activity or gene expression can give an indication on the effects of environmental pollution on biota and hence present an addition to the chemical analysis of affected aquatic habitats.
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Physiological biomarkers in moderate sensitive aquatic invertebrates for water quality assessment in urban watercourses, Valeska Contardo Jara
- Sprache
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 2008
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- Titel
- Physiological biomarkers in moderate sensitive aquatic invertebrates for water quality assessment in urban watercourses
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Autor*innen
- Valeska Contardo Jara
- Verlag
- dissertation.de
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 2008
- Einband
- Paperback
- ISBN10
- 3866243936
- ISBN13
- 9783866243934
- Reihe
- Dissertation.de
- Kategorie
- Skripten & Universitätslehrbücher
- Beschreibung
- Urban watercourses are strongly anthropogenic impacted aquatic ecosystems due to reasonably high pollution with a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, originating from domestic and industrial wastewaters, as well as the traffic run off after strong rains. The result is an increased load of nutrients, metals, and particularly organic contaminants. Furthermore there are morphological modifications of watercourses, leading to changes and/or loss of habitat. Generally, a pollution gradient increasing along the city and downstream is evident. Due to these disturbances characteristic for many urban watercourses is the lack of stable populations of sensitive native species. During this investigation the main question addressed was if biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes responses of organisms tolerant to pollution such as the bivalves Dreissena polymorpha and Limnoperna fortunei and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus can be employed to evaluate the extent of urban water and sediment pollution. Activity changes of the biotransformation enzyme glutathione S-transferase, as well as different antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase to environmental stress were explored by active biomoitoring with precultured mussels exposed at selected sites in Berlin, Germany and Cordoba, Argentina. Oligochaetes were exposed in the laboratory to field sampled sediment of the sampling sites in Berlin. All species were able to accomplish the environmental stress and changes in enzyme activities correlated to the different pollution scenarios, as the determined sewage charges or industrial impacts with polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and other pesticides, as well as contamination with metals. The renaturation success of a small urban stream, formally used for discharge of treated sewage waters was assessed by active biomonitoring with D. polymorpha based on molecular biomarkers and compared to a semi-natural stream and laboratory conditions. Response to pollution charges were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR of heat-shock protein, P glycoprotein, catalase and pi class glutathione S-transferase. Results confirm regeneration of the formerly sewage polluted stream, because induction of the tested biomarkers was either at or below the levels of the semi-natural stream. Physiological biomarker as changes in enzyme activity or gene expression can give an indication on the effects of environmental pollution on biota and hence present an addition to the chemical analysis of affected aquatic habitats.