Rethinking "Gnosticism"

Challenging the conventional understanding of "gnosticism," Michael Williams explores the complexities of ancient religious movements often grouped under this label. By examining key texts like the Apocryphon of John and the practices of Valentinian Christianity, he highlights the nuances and variations within these traditions. Williams argues for a more precise framework for discussing these beliefs, moving beyond the simplistic view of gnosticism as a singular rebellion against established religions. This work invites readers to reconsider the diversity of early spiritual thought.